Fractional thermolysis (fraxel) is a method of laser "resurfacing" of the face and body, which helps to cope with age-related and stressful skin problems.
This procedure is almost as effective as surgical braces, and after thermolysis, skin cells begin to actively, as in adolescence, produce collagen and elastin, that is, beneficial changes occur in several layers at once and not just in the outer epidermis. .
The procedure is very effective, but at the same time traumatic. It can only be performed in specialized clinics.
What is it - fractional photothermolysis, what is the essence of the method and the effectiveness, indications and contraindications for face and body procedures using fraxel technology, before and after photos, consequences and reviews about the laser procedure, estimated prices and which devices are used -all this we will try to tell you more.
generel information
Thermolysis refers to the process of structural destruction of tissues under the influence of high temperatures. The concept was created and communicated by doctors, and then introduced into use by cosmetologists.
And photothermolysis is also the thermolysis process, but it is caused by exposure to light energy. In cosmetology, it is used during photoepilation and laser "resurfacing" of scars and scars.
Fractional photothermolysis is a technique in which photothermolysis does not affect the entire surface of the skin, but only its individual areas. This means that we can talk about focal destruction of tissues by heating them using laser (light) energy.
The essence of the procedure and other names
The fractionated photothermolysis procedure is classified as a way of negatively stimulating the skin, as a certain type of damage is inflicted during the session, in this case burns.
To achieve the expected cosmetic result, start the regeneration process, which restores the skin after damage.
A thermal combustion of this type resembles a "column" which is formed in the thickness of the dermis under the targeted action of laser beams. This "column" in cosmetology is called the "microscopic treatment zone" or abbreviated - MLZ.
In diameter, they can not reach more than one tenth of a millimeter: from about 0, 1 to 0, 4 mm, with a penetration depth of up to 0, 5 mm. Depending on the type of procedure chosen, from ten to several thousand such microtraumas can be located on a square centimeter of the surface, while the stroke rate is 3000 MLZ / sec.
If we analyze the mechanism of action of fractional photothermolysis, it is similar to mesoscooter therapy, but when using a roller, microdamages are mechanically applied using needles.
In cosmetology practice, the term fractional thermolysis has several commonly used synonyms:
- dermal optical thermolysis;
- DOT therapy;
- fractional laser "polishing";
- LAFT rejuvenation;
- fractionated laser nanoperforation;
Ablative and non-ablative method
Laser ablation is the evaporation of a substance by means of a laser pulse. When using ablative fractional photothermolysis, choose a type of laser radiation whose energy is mostly absorbed by water molecules.
Under a short-term influence on a localized area, the laser beam heats the water in the tissues almost instantaneously, up to 30 ° C. Because of this, the entire "column" evaporates, and instead an open-type microscopic wound is formed, which is surrounded by layers of thermally coagulated cells.
After ablative photothermolysis, recovery will be much slower and longer than with a non-ablative method.
But the results of the procedure will be objectively better and the lifting effect will be clearer. It is best to use a course of 2 to 6 sessions. However, during such procedures, the patient is exposed to some risk of infection of tissues in the deep dermal layers.
Non-ablative fractional thermolysis can be attributed to more gentle microtrauma techniques. A laser beam is used which practically does not damage the epidermis, burns are formed under it.
Damaged tissue does not evaporate, but remains within the "pillar", of course, there are no open wounds. Lifting is not as evident as with the first ablative method, as the products of cellular decay were not removed at the time of the procedure, which means that there is no effect of "tightening" of the skin.
It is recommended to use courses from 3 to 10 sessions. For the patient, there is virtually no risk of infection of the deep dermal layer, as there is no violation of the integrity of the surface.
Indications, effect
Indications for the appointment of a procedure using Fraxel technology may be the following reasons:
- the need to stimulate wilted and aged skin;
- treatment of pigmented / depigmented lesions;
- to get rid of scars, post-acne and small scars;
- the need to remove stretch marks.
Not suitable for getting rid of keloid formations.
Advantage
How does this method differ from the classic "polishing" with laser? With the traditional approach, combustion affects a large area, and by fractional exposure it has the character of a localized and point.
Between burn injuries, there are spaces with intact skin, and this makes photothermolysis less traumatic and speeds up the healing time.
The method is suitable for treating any part of the body, but in most cases it is used specifically for the face. Using Fraxel technology, the beautician can work himself with the skin on the eyelids.
A feature of this optical thermolysis of the dermis is the innovative design of the DOT device itself, which makes it possible to avoid missing skin areas or overlap of one zone on another.
Mechanism of action
At the preliminary consultation, the cosmetologist determines the goals that the client wants to achieve, finds out possible contraindications to the procedure, talks about the possible results and their compliance with the client's expectations.
The doctor will definitely determine a point about the risks and the development of post-procedural complications, as well as how to care for the skin after undergoing a photothermolysis course.
It is necessary to discuss in advance and choose the appropriate method of pain relief, and the client should definitely report allergic reactions to medication, if any.
A few hours before the session, superficial peeling is performed, the purpose of which is to even out the thickness of the stratum corneum of the skin.
During the operation, the patient may experience moderate pain and discomfort. Their degree of difficulty can in no way depend on the model of the apparatus used. The pain level is based on the depth and intensity of the laser beam, and these parameters are determined by the specialist himself with a focus on therapeutic goals.
The more neglected the problem is, the deeper layers need to be affected.
But usually ordinary creams with anesthetic effect are used as an anesthetic, which is applied to the work areas a maximum of 40 minutes before the start of the session.
During the session, the beautician moves a nozzle across the surface, which emits a targeted laser beam. If such a need arises, the same area is treated repeatedly within the same procedure.
The duration is from 15 minutes to 1 hour. It all depends on how much leather is processed. After completion of fractional photothermolysis, a cream with a soothing effect is applied to the "polished" surface.
To achieve the desired result, it is necessary to complete a course with several procedures - from 3 to 10, depending on the type of exposure chosen. You can have a session once a month.
Recommendations (training and rehabilitation)
A few days before the scheduled procedure, the patient should start taking a prophylactic course with antibiotics and antiviral drugs. Of course, if there is objective evidence for this.
On the day of fractional photothermolysis, the person should avoid alcohol and completely refrain from playing sports.
Following the non-ablative photothermolysis procedure, the recovery process lasts up to three days depending on the type of ablation - at least one week.
If the "polishing" was based on ablation, the patient will have reddened skin, swelling, burning sensation and discomfort for several days.
After consulting a specialist, you can apply cooling compresses or apply local analgesics to the skin, available in the form of a spray.
After at least three days, the color of the "polished" dermis may change slightly. For example, it may become pseudo-tanned due to increased degradation of pigment-containing residues from previous necrotic cells.
Dryness will appear, peeling will begin, and a person may even experience some itching for a short time. All these manifestations are not dangerous and will pass by themselves in about a week. It is strictly forbidden to scratch itchy skin!
In order for the rehabilitation after fraxel to proceed without complications, you need to follow a few basic recommendations:
- you need to take care of your skin and make sure to use the recommended external products. In most cases, these drugs are prescribed to treat thermal burns and moisturizing sprays;
- the crust that forms on the surface when wounds heal should not be removed artificially, only natural fall off;
- if the patient took antimicrobial and antiviral drugs before the procedure, their course should be continued according to the instructions;
- in order not to develop hyperpigmentation, it is necessary to isolate the treated skin from direct sunlight for a period of at least one month. Usually use sunscreens with SPF 40+;
- Throughout the recovery period, the use of scrubs and other mechanical methods of skin cleansing is prohibited.
Possible side effects and complications
Although fractional photothermolysis is one of the most modern and safe methods, it also has a number of side effects:
- bacterial infection, development of streptoderma or staphyloderma;
- erythema lasting more than three days;
- edema on the surface of the treated skin with a duration of more than two days;
- hyperpigmentation in the post-inflammatory period;
- the appearance of burns, erosive cracks;
- worsening of HSV1 or acne;
- microscopic bleeding under the skin.
Contraindications (general and local)
Fractional photothermolysis is not performed with the following general contraindications:
- oncological tumors;
- the period of breastfeeding;
- HSV1 and HSV2 in the acute stage;
- infectious diseases;
- chronic diseases in the manifestation stage;
- diabetes mellitus of any type;
- defects and insufficiency of the cardiovascular system;
- disturbances in the work of the organs of the hematopoietic system, poor blood coagulation;
- the presence of autoimmune diseases;
- tends to form deep scars of the keloid type;
- status epilepticus or convulsive syndrome;
- mental disorders;
- taking isotretinoin for six months;
- a recent tan or a visit to the solarium.
And the following local contraindications:
- all inflammatory processes localized in the intended work area;
- impaired integrity of the skin;
- any neoplasm of unknown origin;
- chemical cleansing of the skin or any other procedure that may damage the skin.
Where and on what devices are performed, approximate prices
The cost of a fraxel procedure depends on the area treated, so the estimated prices for fractional laser resurfacing vary.
Only qualified specialists can perform photothermolysis sessions at a cosmetology hospital.
For the fraxel rejuvenation procedure itself, devices with CO2 or an erbium laser are used. Ordinary beauty salons mostly do not have the necessary equipment or trained staff.
The use of lasers for cosmetic purposes is still controversial. But no matter what, procedures based on the effect of a laser beam are among the most popular, effective and safe.
Reviews
We invite you to read a few reviews on fractional laser facial skin rejuvenation:
- First review: "I am 35 years old. Went for 2 sessions of fractional photothermolysis. The second visit took place 30 days after the first visit. As a result, I noticed that my pores, usually slightly enlarged, tightened up, and the skin on my forehead and cheeks began to look much smoother. I was satisfied. The only thing that gave me the inconvenience was the peeling that appeared after the second visit. But it disappeared without a trace after three days. Now I see myselfin the mirror and enjoying my own face. "
- Second review: "I would like to tell you about my impression of this method, as I felt a positive result. After three procedures, I noticed that my face became lighter, the pigment spots on some parts of the face became lighter, the scars began to separate lessnoticeable and the skin tightened up. These changes did not happen all at once but gradually. After about 4 months I started to look 5-6 years younger than my age. I advise everyone who takes care of themselves totry this wonderful thing.
- Third review: "I was very scared of this kind of procedures, thinking there are more unwanted consequences of them than pluses. But when the first wrinkles appeared, the idea of" magical skin transformation "started to visit my head more often andmore often. So I decided to have a photothermolysis session. In the process there were some painful but tolerable sensations. After some time, pleasing changes in the face became visible: wrinkles around the eyes smoothed out, complexion became lighter, the contour tightened up. In general, I could welllike the effect. I will use this procedure again if necessary.
- Fourth review: "I consider this method indispensable for any woman who wants to stay young and attractive. I discovered something new for myself and was hugely satisfied. There are many positive moments and all were reflected in my face: fine wrinklesand pigmentation is gone, the skin is not so flabby, there is less inflammation, and most importantly, I care much more about myself. I would advise everyone to love themselves, not skimp on their beauty and use effective procedures tomaintain your youth.